Perfect Pizzeria Essay

Perfect Pizzeria Restaurants is a chain of 125 pizza establishments around the country with headquarters in Madison, Wisconsin. There are three locations in Bloomington, Indiana however they have financial and employee problems particularly at the location near the Indiana University campus. Each location has one manager and two shift leaders. The employees are mostly college students, with a few high school students performing the less challenging jobs. Nearly all of the employees, with the exception of some managers, are employed part-time and most earned only the minimum wage or slightly above. To address the financial problems, the Perfect Pizzeria manager’s compensation plan was changed to now being based on food and beverage costs and profit targets. If the percentage of food unsold or damaged is very low, the manager gets a bonus. If the percentage is high, the manager does not receive a bonus; rather he or she receives only his or her normal salary. Their compensation is also reflected in the restaurant’s profit figures which also must reach a certain level for the manager to receive a bonus. Thus the managers knew the criteria being used for their evaluation and therefore where to focus their efforts. These profit and loss figures often fluctuate. Knowing the manager cannot be in the store 24 hours a day, some employees make up for their low paychecks by helping themselves to the food. When a friend comes in to order a pizza, extra ingredients are put on the friend’s pizza. An occasional slice or two of pizza by the 18 to 20 employees throughout the day/evening at the break table also raises the percentage figure. An occasional bucket of sauce may be spilled or a pizza accidentally burned. Sometimes the wrong size of pizza may be made. In the event of an employee mistake or a burned pizza by the oven person, the expense is supposed to come from the individual employee. Because of peer pressure, the night manager seldom writes up a bill for the erring employee. Instead the establishment takes the loss and the error goes unnoticed until the end of the month when the inventory is taken. That’s when the manager finds out if the food loss percentage is high and if there will be a bonus. (Next page) Over time these loss figures increased. To address these problems at the Bloomington location, the manager took retaliatory measures. Previously, each employee was entitled to a free pizza slice, salad, and all the soft drinks he or she could drink for every 4 hours of work. Management decided to raise this figure to 6 hours of work before any free food. Since the employees had received this â€Å"free food after 4-hours† benefit for a long time they frequently ignored the rule and took advantage of the situation whenever the manager was not in the building. Therefore, the Perfect Pizzeria manager decided to create an assistant manager position which could more closely supervise the shift leaders. Each shift leader was now responsible for a team of 3 – 4 employees who were given specific responsibilities for a particular job such as counter, delivery, food preparation, etc. Employee apathy grew within the pizzeria. There seemed to be a further separation between the store manager and his workers, who were once a closely knit group. The manager made no attempt to alleviate the problem, because he felt it would iron itself out. The employees who were dissatisfied would quit or they would be content to put up with the new regulations. As it turned out, there were many employee resignations. The manager had no problem in filling the vacancies with new workers, but the loss of experienced personnel was costly to the business. It didn’t take long for the new employees to become influenced by the more experienced employees and the unsold/damaged food percentage remained high. Then the manager took a bolder step. He eliminated all the benefits that the employees had – no free pizzas, salads, or drinks. The manager tried still another approach to alleviate the rising unsold/damaged food percentage problem and maintain his bonus. He placed a notice on the bulletin board, stating that: if the percentage remained at a high level, a lie detector test would be given to all employees. All those found guilty of taking or intentionally wasting food or drinks would be immediately terminated. This did not have the desired effect on the employees, because they knew if they were all subjected to the test, all would be found guilty and the manager would have to dismiss all of them. This would leave him in a worse situation than ever. As the manager sat in his office listening to his beloved Cub’s baseball game, he analyzed the month’s profit/loss statements and knew things were not going to be good. What he did not expect was that the percentage was actually increasing from previous months. Another problem developed at the Bloomington campus location when Jennifer, a recently hired night shift counter clerk filed a complaint with the regional manager. She stated in her complaint that she was always required to work the late shift and Bill the night manager was becoming a bit â€Å"too friendly†. In fact her complaint stated, the only way she could get off from work earlier than other employees was if she would agree to meet Bill on their nights off at Hoosier’s, a popular college student club down the street from Perfect Pizzeria. Additionally, there was a formal complaint from a group of male employees that only the attractive female workers were being promoted to assistant managers or shift leaders even though the men had worked at the restaurant longer than most of the promoted women. The case assignment questions follow†¦ PERFECT PIZZERIA – CASE QUESTIONS (Please type your responses by listing the question number/letter and then your answers to the questions.) 1. List two different managerial functions/activities the manager has performed. Then give specific examples or evidence from the case that explains these two management functions the manager has performed. 4. points) 2a. Which of the managerial skills was the manager best at? Explain. 2b. Which of the managerial skills did the manager need to improve? Explain. (4 points) 3. List and/or give examples of four (4) different forces or factors from Perfect Pizzerias’ external environment. Then give a specific example of how each of these could have an impact on Perfect Pizzeria. Please be specific.(4 pts.) 4a. The case mentions that some employees put extra ingredients on their friends’ pizza or take a nibble or two of pizza during their shift. Please discuss whether you feel this is ethical and your reasons why you feel this way. (2 pts.) 4b. What actions could an organization take to prevent these potential ethical violations from happening based on the concepts in the textbook? Explain by applying these ideas to this case situation. (4 pts.) 5. Review the organizational approaches to managing diversity from Chapter 6. Then discuss or give an example of how you would apply two of these concepts to address the complaints of the male employees regarding the unfair promotions? Be specific. (4 points) 6. Give an example from the case of a poor management action and discuss two (2) specific ways you would correct the situation if you were the manager. (3 points)

Globalization and the Digital Divide Essay

The globalization era has been developing in recent years. The use of technology has an important role in running the business. Any information about companies can be known in a second. This condition pushes the people in business to provide the accurate, detail and trusted information which is related to the company. It also makes the company compete to improve the performance of their operational activities. To help understand how modern business development, every company definitely has an orientation to make a high profit, therefore the company tries to build a good image in public. Companies will compete to increase their success both in industry and trade field. At first, the company will be profit-oriented, but as it progresses, it is not only focused on profit-making but also focused on social responsibility to keep the company alive. Companies must think about the impact on their environment. Rapid business development drives industry growth, especially in Indonesia. An industrial activity must be related to the utilization of resources and produce valuable products. This will have a direct and indirect impact on the environment. The natural resource management industry, especially the management of non-renewable resources (petroleum, natural gas, coal industries, etc.) is a short-term industry, but it has a long-term impact on the environment. Despite having a positive impact on the economy of a country, an industrial activity also has a negative impact on the surrounding environment. Negative impacts due to activities that cause environmental damage, should be minimized first for the good of the company and the community. At the same time, governments, stock exchanges, markets, investors and the public require companies to be transparent about the goals, performance, and impacts of their sustainability. Then came the practice of CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) in the business world. CSR is the company’s contribution to the stakeholders towards sustainable development by minimizing the negative impact of operational activities. Now CSR is widely known and in Indonesia has many companies that apply it. In addition, the policy has been made regarding the disclosure of CSR as stipulated in Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 40 of 2007 and mentioned that a company that carries out its business activities in relation to natural resources, is obliged to carry out social and environmental responsibility. CSR is expressed in a report called Sustainability Report. As reported in www.globalreporting.org (2017), Sustainability Report is a report published by the company about the economic, environmental, and social impacts caused by daily operational activities of the company. One of the guidelines that can be used by companies in carrying out CSR activities is the GRI (Global Reporting Initiative). GRI is an international non-profit organization with network-based structure. GRI encourages the implementation of reporting with Sustainability Report as a way for companies and organizations to become more sustainable and contribute to a sustainable global economy. Companies report their activities based on principles and disclosures of standards in accordance with GRI Generation 4 (G4 Guidelines). In that way, the companies will feel the importance of CSR reporting that can improve their image, bring profit and ensure the survival of the company. However, if a company does not report CSR, it will create a conflict with stakeholders. Manufacturing is an industry whose main activity is processing or converting raw materials into finished or semi-finished goods so that goods have added value. Each processing of raw materials from manufacturers would produce waste, causes the environment to feel its impact. The large number of manufacturing companies operating in Java Island, making Java is the largest contributor of waste in Indonesia (National Geographic Indonesia, 2011). That is why covering the issue of environmental damage must be with a high skepticism. Because, besides a large number of output produced by the manufacturing company for its operational activities, it is still more output to be spent to repair environmental damage. Cases of thousands of liters of oil owned by PT Central Georgette Nusantara Printing (CGNP) that spill out pollutes Cibingbin River in Bandung, West Java makes people uneasy because the waste has been polluting the river that empties into the Sanguling Reservoir. The company’s operational activities in this area cause environmental damage and harm the people around. It also causes two hectares of paddy fields managed by local people, threatened crops failing. This condition makes people consider the environmental issues are the main ones. After getting pressure from both the government and the people around the factory, the company is ultimately responsible for the environmental pollution issue. The case above pushes the role of CSR as a business-enhancing success for a company. This research is using firm size, profitability, leverage, public ownership and industry sensitivity as independent variables and CSR disclosure which uses G4 guidelines as the dependent variable. Firm size is an indicator that can indicate a condition or characteristic (large or small) of a company. Large companies are more in demand by analysts and brokers because they tend to be easy to publish financial reports and tend to be in stable performance positions (Astuti & Nugrahanti, 2015). Profitability measures the overall effectiveness of management in generating profits with its assets (Smart & Graham, 2010, p. 66). It means to measure the activity of the company in earned net profit. Leverage provides a description of the company’s capital structure, thus it can use to see the level of risk of uncollectible debt (Fahrizqi, 2010). Public ownership is the proportion of share ownership owned by the public of the company’s shares (Arthana, 2012). Industry sensitivity ca n be interpreted as how big the influence of industrial activity that is directly related to the environment (Winarsih, 2015). The research about the determinant of CSR has been done by some researchers such as Arthana (2012) showed that public ownership and firm size have no significant effect on CSR disclosure. Meanwhile, leverage and profitability have a significant effect on CSR disclosure. However, it was a different research by Kusuma (2012). It showed that that firm size and public ownership have a significant effect on CSR disclosure and leverage does not affect the CSR disclosure. The research by Kusuma (2012) was support by Wijaya (2012), Zanirah (2012) and M. Nur & D. Priantinah (2012) showed that firm size significantly influences, but to leverage and profitability does not affect the disclosure of social responsibility. Zanirah (2012) showed that the firm size has a positive significant effect and leverage has a negative effect, while profitability has no significant effect on CSR disclosure. M. Nur & D. Priantinah (2012) showed that profitability and public ownership have no significant effect on CSR disclosure. Firm size has a positive significant effect and leverage has a negative significant effect. C. Putra (2012) has a different result compared with M. Nur & D. Priantinah (2012) and Zanirah (2012). It showed that firm size has a significant effect on CSR disclosure in manufacture companies while leverage, profitability, and public ownership have no significant effect. From earlier studies that show the different effects on CSR disclosure exhibit the research gap with different variable and different object push the researcher to retest research by C. Putra (2012) by adding a variable to improve the results about â€Å"THE EFFECT OF FIRM SIZE, PROFITABILITY, LEVERAGE, PUBLIC OWNERSHIP AND INDUSTRY SENSITIVITY ON CSR DISCLOSURE (A CASE STUDY OF MANUFACTURING COMPANIES LISTED IN INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE YEAR 2013-2017)† Research Questions Based on the background, the research questions that are discussed in this research are: Does firm size have a partial effect to CSR disclosure on manufacturing companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange at 2013-2017? Does profitability have a partial effect to CSR disclosure on manufacturing companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange at 2013-2017? Does leverage have a partial effect to CSR disclosure on manufacturing companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange at 2013-2017? Does public ownership have a partial effect to CSR disclosure on manufacturing companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange at 2013-2017? Does industry sensitivity have a partial effect to CSR disclosure on manufacturing companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange at 2013-2017? Do firm size, profitability, leverage, public ownership and industry sensitivity have a simultaneous effect to CSR disclosure on manufacturing companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange at 2013-2017? Research Limitation The discussion of the problem is limited to affecting some variable to CSR disclosure, which consists of firm size, profitability, leverage, public ownership and industry sensitivity. The company which is observed is manufacturing companies listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange at 2013-2017. Research Purpose To analyze whether firm size has a partial effect to CSR disclosure to manufacturing companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange at 2013-2017. To analyze whether profitability has a partial effect to CSR disclosure to manufacturing companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange at 2013-2017. To analyze whether leverage has a partial effect to CSR disclosure to manufacturing companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange at 2013-2017. To analyze whether public ownership has a partial effect to CSR disclosure to manufacturing companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange at 2013-2017. To analyze whether industry sensitivity has a partial effect to CSR disclosure to manufacturing companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange at 2013-2017. To analyze whether firm size, profitability, leverage, public ownership and industry sensitivity have a simultaneous effect to CSR disclosure to manufacturing companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange at 2013-2017. Benefit For Company This study is expected to give information for manufacturing companies in preparing meaningful sustainability reports and making steady sustainability reporting and directed to standard practice. It contributes to the understanding of determinants of CSR disclosure to improve the implementation of disclosure guidelines. This study is expected to be an input for companies in doing consideration and decision making which will be useful in providing an additional value of the company. For investor As an overview of CSR disclosure that serves as a reference for investment decision making. For accounting department As a meaningful contribution to the accounting department to develop a study of financial management especially for CSR disclosure. For student This study helps extends the scope of previous studies by introducing independent and dependent variables engage with CSR. The results of this study are expected to be a reference and comparison for further research, which is a concern with the CSR disclosure. Glossary Firm Size Firm size is the number of assets owned by the company. Thus, the large and small of a company can be seen by its assets ADDIN CSL_CITATION { â€Å"citationItems† : [ { â€Å"id† : â€Å"ITEM-1†, â€Å"itemData† : { â€Å"DOI† : â€Å"10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004†, â€Å"ISBN† : â€Å"9788578110796†, â€Å"ISSN† : â€Å"1098-6596†, â€Å"PMID† : â€Å"25246403†, â€Å"author† : [ { â€Å"dropping-particle† : â€Å"†, â€Å"family† : â€Å"Rahman†, â€Å"given† : â€Å"Arif†, â€Å"non-dropping-particle† : â€Å"†, â€Å"parse-names† : false, â€Å"suffix† : â€Å"† }, { â€Å"dropping-particle† : â€Å"†, â€Å"family† : â€Å"Widyasari†, â€Å"given† : â€Å"Kurnia Nur†, â€Å"non-dropping-particle† : â€Å"†, â€Å"parse-names† : false, â€Å"suffix† : â€Å"† } ], â€Å"container-title† : â€Å"Jurnal Akuntansi & Auditing Indonesia†, â€Å"id† : â€Å"ITEM-1†, â€Å"issue† : â€Å"1†, â€Å"issued† : { â€Å"date-parts† : [ [ â€Å"2008† ] ] }, â€Å"page† : â€Å"25-35†, â€Å"title† : â€Å"The analysis of company characteristic influence towards CSR disclosure: Empirical evidence of manufacturing companies listed in JSX†, â€Å"type† : â€Å"article-journal†, â€Å"volume† : â€Å"12† }, â€Å"uris† : [ â€Å"http://www.mendeley.com/documents/?uuid=ad81e84f-e72e-4aeb-998f-b3df3f96da8f† ] } ], â€Å"mendeley† : { â€Å"formattedCitation† : â€Å"(Rahman & Widyasari, 2008)†, â€Å"plainTextFormattedCitation† : â€Å"(Rahman & Widyasari, 2008)†, â€Å"previouslyFormattedCitation† : â€Å"(Rahman & Widyasari, 2008)† }, â€Å"propertiesâ₠¬  : { â€Å"noteIndex† : 9 }, â€Å"schema† : â€Å"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json† }(Rahman & Widyasari, 2008). Profitability Profitability measure the focus on company profits ADDIN CSL_CITATION { â€Å"citationItems† : [ { â€Å"id† : â€Å"ITEM-1†, â€Å"itemData† : { â€Å"author† : [ { â€Å"dropping-particle† : â€Å"†, â€Å"family† : â€Å"Marcus†, â€Å"given† : â€Å"Brealey Myers†, â€Å"non-dropping-particle† : â€Å"†, â€Å"parse-names† : false, â€Å"suffix† : â€Å"† } ], â€Å"edition† : â€Å"Lima†, â€Å"id† : â€Å"ITEM-1†, â€Å"issued† : { â€Å"date-parts† : [ [ â€Å"2006† ] ] }, â€Å"number-of-pages† : â€Å"372†, â€Å"publisher† : â€Å"Erlangga†, â€Å"title† : â€Å"Dasar-Dasar Manajemen Keuangan Perusahaan Jilid 2†, â€Å"type† : â€Å"book† }, â€Å"uris† : [ â€Å"http://www.mendeley.com/documents/?uuid=eaa4ed05-0031-4fc6-9f14-1d31d7503a15† ] } ], â€Å"mendeley† : { â€Å"formattedCitation† : â€Å"(Marcus, 2006)†, â€Å"manualFormatting† : â€Å"(Marcus, 2006, p. 80)†, â€Å"plainTextFormattedCitation† : â€Å"(Marcus, 2006)†, â€Å"previouslyFormattedCitation† : â€Å"(Marcus, 2006)† }, â€Å"properties† : { â€Å"noteIndex† : 9 }, â€Å"schema† : â€Å"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json† }(Marcus, 2006, p. 80). Big companies are expected to earn more profit than small companies. It also measures the using of the efficiency of company assets ADDIN CSL_CITATION { â€Å"citationItems† : [ { â€Å"id† : â€Å"ITEM-1†, â€Å"itemData† : { â€Å"author† : [ { â€Å"dropping-particle† : â€Å"†, â€Å"family† : â€Å"Husnan†, â€Å"given† : â€Å"Suad†, â€Å"non-dropping-particle† : â€Å"†, â€Å"parse-n ames† : false, â€Å"suffix† : â€Å"† }, { â€Å"dropping-particle† : â€Å"†, â€Å"family† : â€Å"Enny Pudjiastuti†, â€Å"given† : â€Å"†, â€Å"non-dropping-particle† : â€Å"†, â€Å"parse-names† : false, â€Å"suffix† : â€Å"† } ], â€Å"edition† : â€Å"Pertama†, â€Å"id† : â€Å"ITEM-1†, â€Å"issued† : { â€Å"date-parts† : [ [ â€Å"1996† ] ] }, â€Å"publisher† : â€Å"Unit Penerbit dan Percetakan (UPP) – AMP YKPN†, â€Å"publisher-place† : â€Å"Yogyakarta†, â€Å"title† : â€Å"Dasar-Dasar Manajemen Keuangan†, â€Å"type† : â€Å"book† }, â€Å"uris† : [ â€Å"http://www.mendeley.com/documents/?uuid=561254b1-8c37-4dae-9f07-9552249e0f60† ] } ], â€Å"mendeley† : { â€Å"formattedCitation† : â€Å"(Husnan & Enny Pudjiastuti, 1996)â⠂¬ , â€Å"manualFormatting† : â€Å"(Husnan & Enny Pudjiastuti, 1996, p. 73)†, â€Å"plainTextFormattedCitation† : â€Å"(Husnan & Enny Pudjiastuti, 1996)†, â€Å"previouslyFormattedCitation† : â€Å"(Husnan & Enny Pudjiastuti, 1996)† }, â€Å"properties† : { â€Å"noteIndex† : 9 }, â€Å"schema† : â€Å"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json† }(Husnan & Enny Pudjiastuti, 1996, p. 73). Leverage Leverage means measuring the company’s ability to fulfill its financial obligations. It can be that leverage is measure how far the company uses debt ADDIN CSL_CITATION { â€Å"citationItems† : [ { â€Å"id† : â€Å"ITEM-1†, â€Å"itemData† : { â€Å"author† : [ { â€Å"dropping-particle† : â€Å"†, â€Å"family† : â€Å"Husnan†, â€Å"given† : â€Å"Suad†, â€Å"non-dropping-particle† : â€Å"†, â€Å"parse-names† : false, â€Å"suffix† : â€Å"† }, { â€Å"dropping-particle† : â€Å"†, â€Å"family† : â€Å"Enny Pudjiastuti†, â€Å"given† : â€Å"†, â€Å"non-dropping-particle† : â€Å"†, â€Å"parse-names† : false, â€Å"suffix† : â€Å"† } ], â€Å"edition† : â€Å"Pertama†, â€Å"id† : â€Å"ITEM-1†, â€Å"issued† : { â€Å"date-parts† : [ [ â⠂¬Å"1996† ] ] }, â€Å"publisher† : â€Å"Unit Penerbit dan Percetakan (UPP) – AMP YKPN†, â€Å"publisher-place† : â€Å"Yogyakarta†, â€Å"title† : â€Å"Dasar-Dasar Manajemen Keuangan†, â€Å"type† : â€Å"book† }, â€Å"uris† : [ â€Å"http://www.mendeley.com/documents/?uuid=561254b1-8c37-4dae-9f07-9552249e0f60† ] } ], â€Å"mendeley† : { â€Å"formattedCitation† : â€Å"(Husnan & Enny Pudjiastuti, 1996)†, â€Å"manualFormatting† : â€Å"(Husnan & Enny Pudjiastuti, 1996, p. 70)†, â€Å"plainTextFormattedCitation† : â€Å"(Husnan & Enny Pudjiastuti, 1996)†, â€Å"previouslyFormattedCitation† : â€Å"(Husnan & Enny Pudjiastuti, 1996)† }, â€Å"properties† : { â€Å"noteIndex† : 9 }, â€Å"schema† : â€Å"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json† }(Husnan & Enny Pudjiastuti, 1996, p. 70). Public Ownership Public ownership is the proportion of share ownership owned by the public of the company’s shares ADDIN CSL_CITATION { â€Å"citationItems† : [ { â€Å"id† : â€Å"ITEM-1†, â€Å"itemData† : { â€Å"author† : [ { â€Å"dropping-particle† : â€Å"†, â€Å"family† : â€Å"Arthana†, â€Å"given† : â€Å"Ronny†, â€Å"non-dropping-particle† : â€Å"†, â€Å"parse-names† : false, â€Å"suffix† : â€Å"† } ], â€Å"container-title† : â€Å"Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa FEB UB†, â€Å"id† : â€Å"ITEM-1†, â€Å"issue† : â€Å"2†, â€Å"issued† : { â€Å"date-parts† : [ [ â€Å"2012† ] ] }, â€Å"page† : â€Å"1-14†, â€Å"title† : â€Å"Pengaruh Karakteristik Perusahaan Terhadap Pengungkapan Tanggung Jawab Sosial Perusahaan (CSR) Pada Perusahaan Yang Terdaftar Di Indeks LQ45 Bursa Saham Indonesia (BEI)†, â€Å"type† : â€Å"article-journal†, â€Å"volume† : â€Å"1† }, â€Å"uris† : [ â€Å"http://www.mendeley.com/documents/?uuid=848daaaf-51e9-409e-b044-80ae139493e6† ] } ], â€Å"mendeley† : { â€Å"formattedCitation† : â€Å"(Arthana, 2012)†, â€Å"plainTextFormattedCitation† : â€Å"(Arthana, 2012)†, â€Å"previouslyFormattedCitation† : â€Å"(Arthana, 2012)† }, â€Å"properties† : { â€Å"noteIndex† : 9 }, â€Å"schema† : â€Å"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json† }(Arthana, 2012). The bigger the share which is owned by the public, the more information will be explained, the investors want to get more information about its investment and make sure that it is safely managing then the obligation will be fulfilled. Industry Sensitivity Industry sensitivity can be interpreted as how big the influence of industrial activity that is directly related to the environment ADDIN CSL_CITATION { â€Å"citationItems† : [ { â€Å"id† : â€Å"ITEM-1†, â€Å"itemData† : { â€Å"author† : [ { â€Å"dropping-particle† : â€Å"†, â€Å"family† : â€Å"Winarsih†, â€Å"given† : â€Å"Arga Mustika†, â€Å"non-dropping-particle† : â€Å"†, â€Å"parse-names† : false, â€Å"suffix† : â€Å"† } ], â€Å"id† : â€Å"ITEM-1†, â€Å"issued† : { â€Å"date-parts† : [ [ â€Å"2015† ] ] }, â€Å"title† : â€Å"Pengaruh Media Online , Sensitivitas Industri Dan Struktur Corporate Governance Terhadap Kualitas Environmental Disclosure Governance (Studi Pada Perusahaan High Profile di BEI)†, â€Å"type† : â€Å"report† }, â€Å"uris† : [ â€Å"http://www.mendeley.com/ documents/?uuid=d495d810-1aa1-41f2-8dc4-6690588eae85† ] } ], â€Å"mendeley† : { â€Å"formattedCitation† : â€Å"(Winarsih, 2015)†, â€Å"plainTextFormattedCitation† : â€Å"(Winarsih, 2015)†, â€Å"previouslyFormattedCitation† : â€Å"(Winarsih, 2015)† }, â€Å"properties† : { â€Å"noteIndex† : 10 }, â€Å"schema† : â€Å"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json† }(Winarsih, 2015).

Teaching Care Plan for Nursing

Teaching Care Plan for Nursing Identify if article has a review of literature. Yes, This article definitely has a review of literature, it is a compilation from a lot of information the author studied and applied to the specific topic she was addressing. Determine the purpose of the article. The purpose of the article is to make medical professionals aware of the signs and symptoms of depression in older adults. It was to establish a less biased approach to evaluating the mood of each client rather than always assuming that it is normal and expected for an older adult to be sad or withdrawn.It was to identify and acknowledge the screening and treatment tools available to healthcare professionals to promote their use in daily clinical settings. Identify population used in study. The populations used in the study were men and female ages 65 and older Identify method used in study. Methods used in the studies were mainly collecting data and utilizing the research to answer the question. Also randomized clinical trials. Determine the findings of study. The study found that older adults have multiple benefits from being treated for their depression rather than summing it up to old age. You can read also Coronary Artery Disease Nursing Care PlanDepression in older adults was associated with cardiovascular disease due to its association with decreased physical activity. It also showed correlation with depression and unhealthy diet, which also leads to, increased prevalence of diabetes and other obesity co-morbidities. The study seemed to solidify the benefits of treating the older adults; it showed that the patients that were treated for their depression found higher rates of medication compliance, less depression specific caregiver burden. Describe the information in your article can be implemented into your nursing practice.The information in the article really seemed can be applied to all areas of our nursing practice. We can implement many of the tools mentioned in the article. Also, it gave a lot of important information on how to identify depression that can be used in all age groups. I think that the identification of the comorbidities of depression really mak es the evaluation of moods much more practical and essential in our physical assessment. I think it also helped to open up my mind to the challenges older adults face. Provide your rationale for using the information in nursing practice?The information is essential in nursing practice because having a patient that is sad or withdrawn will likely cause them to be less of advocates for themselves when it comes to their healthcare, they may not bother reporting symptoms or stop taking medication because they do not want to go to the store. It can actually cause a complete loss of the patient in the health care system. It is very critical information. How would the use of this information improve patient care (outcomes)? Utilizing this information in nursing practice would greatly improve patient care because it would really improve the nurse’s holistic approach to patient care.Nurses strive to provide very patient centered care but being so busy and having preconceived judgments of certain age groups does hinder our holistic nursing approach. Many times we are too busy and will just treat the problem or what we are there to treat and just ignore the sad or depressed look on the patients face when we should be understanding that if the patient is depressed, we may fix them up and send them home only to have them come back due to non compliance or lack of concern for themselves.

Why I Need to Study Law Scholarship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Why I Need to Study Law - Scholarship Essay Example Education was once a basic necessity provided by the government to its people; it is given a large portion of the national budget. But in our ever-changing world, the government has to withdraw its support for higher education and tuition fees have to be increased. We have to accept the fact that not everyone in our society is given the chance to have the education they need and deserve. I am lucky to have enough education to be the kind of man I am now. I was able to finish a degree in Business and the opportunity to take my chance in taking up Law. The awards and experiences that I had during my earlier years in school will be very helpful in my future days at the university. Being a member of the debates team has taught me to see and analyze situations clearly. I had to think critically before arriving at a conclusion and express my opinions in the best way I can. Challenges are also part of my everyday life at school. To be a committee member of the English Language Society has challenged me to be good at something I am not used to. But the courage to pursue something has become my weapon in order to win the battle. I became a good speaker of the language and now I can communicate and express myself better. Our world now is becoming demanding. And over time, society’s needs and wants change and tend to multiply (McConnell & Brue 2005, p.23). It now requires more knowledge and skills for us to continue our existence.

Soc Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Soc - Essay Example All members of the public have to be given a chance to take part, question, introduce assertions and express their attitude on a matter that touches their lives. Since the best decision is based on a wide number of contributions, the internet would be the best choice for what can be called an ideal speech, as it can reach any people than any other known system. The modern society has brought about quiet a lot of divisions along several lines. If not racially(black/white) inclined, then it is will be gender (male/female), religion (Muslims/Christians), Ethnic, and so many others. If used in the correct context, an ideal speech offers freedom from the such mentioned categories by awakening response in every human being. An ideal speech stirs into action a man's birthright of true freedom equal rights and dignity, hence will act reconcile the above mentioned divergent groups. According to Habermas, there are four different social formalities; The Traditional, the Primitive, the Capitalist and the Post-Capitalist. Out of these classes, the Post-Capitalism is more preferable as it depicts the principles of an ideal speech more than the others. It represents the modern society which is more discursive and allows for consensus unlike the other three which are quiet stringent in characteristics. The Post-Capitalistic society gives room for a pluralistic participation when it comes to decision making.

Adult Nursing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Adult Nursing - Essay Example This paper approves that the philosophy of the model states that the nursing care should be delivered using the nursing process. The patient under consideration in the area of focus for the purpose of ease in communication can be entitled as XYZ. The patient had 3 problems as related to physical and mental health. At the time of admission of the patient in the nurse one problem of a patient was identified. The nursing interventions were held in the area of identification and prescriptions on all care plans. It is crucial to understand here that though the care plan had a section for evaluation, it was not completed on the care plans studied. This essay makes a conclusion that the differences is between the practiced set of principles and the ones desirable for a quality service holds in the depth of its existence a suggestion that the nursing model used in the ward made no differences to the nursing care delivered. This is essentially so because attention to application of theory to the practical world was not made. From the procedure as followed in the hospital for the patient XYZ, we noticed that a written record of the patient ‘s problem was not made. Also, the current needs of the patient remained un-addressed. It was also noted that the medical reason for admission of the patient XYZ was recorded as the patient’s problem but the diagnosis reason for the same was not addressed. Thus, we conclude that the UK nurse is required to have in the boundaries of their knowledge a need to understand the concept of nursing diagnosis. This shall also enable the nurses to involve themselves actively and effectively in the validation of nursing diagnosis.

The market capitalism and the economic system of Islam. Similarities Essay

The market capitalism and the economic system of Islam. Similarities and differences - Essay Example Under the market capitalism, the price mechanism remains largely functional to maintain the reins of the market capitalism. The price mechanism is used as a signalling system distributing resources between the different market participants and users. Under the market capitalism, the workers are free to enter and are free to exist and they are at their will to earn and expand their earnings as they wish to. Market capitalism largely also relies on the political authority to develop, provide and regulate the market rules and regulations so that they encompass all related societal costs and benefits. Both systems share that an individual is entitled to keep private property, the provision of social security and economic freedom. However, it is a strikingly interesting that the economic system of Islam only allows the use or control of private property and at the same time strongly discourages applying the concept of ownership. Under the economic system of Islam and Islamic finance which have gained roots in the global finance recently (Asutay 3), the right of ownership is the exclusive prerogative of Almighty Allah and humans are only allowed to establish and exercise the control o f the private property. The economic system of Islam also suggests the state or government is responsible to provide social security to the masses and develop such employment policies so that the masses can easily access to the basic human needs. The market capitalism differs with the economic system of Islam when it comes to the distribution of wealth among the masses. The market capitalism does not believe in fair and equitable distribution of wealth. An individual has unrestricted and unlimited authority to earn and amass money and at the same time claim its full ownership as well. The economic system of Islam differs on this aspect with the market capitalism and opines that the individual is not allowed to keep unlimited wealth as it creates imbalance in the society and the practice s such as hoarding, profiteering, exploitation largely appears. The market capitalism also give right to an individual to keep to exercise the right of the exclusive ownership which is totally against the concept promoted and supported by the economic system of Islam. In the following parts of this paper, first the definition and framework of market capitalism is provided. In which, the basic definition and different aspects of the market capitalism are discussed. Subsequent to that, emergence of market capitalism is highlighted. In this part, the history and evolution of market capitalism is provided. After that, similarities between the economic system of Islam and the market capitalism are provided. Before the conclusion part, difference between the economic system of Islam and the market capitalism are elaborated. Market Capitalism Market capitalism is a system of governance for economic affairs emerged in different setting and continues to evolve over time (Scott 2). The Macmil lan Dictionary of Modern Economics defines it as an economic system in which, property including capital assets, is owned and controlled by the private persons. Under the market capitalism, the price mechanism is utilized as a signalling system allocating resources between the different uses. The extent to which the price mechanism as its fundamental coordinating device instead of command and control, provides that capitalist systems are not similar from one another based on the limit and nature of the governmental interventions and the presence

Financial Accounting has become increasingly standardised and Essay

Financial Accounting has become increasingly standardised and harmonized across organizations in different industries, while Management Accounting continues to - Essay Example Each corporation that is registered under the Companies Act faces a requisite to prepare a set of accounts that would present an accurate as well as reasonable view of its profit otherwise loss for the specific year along with that of its conditions almost by the end of each year . It is noticeable that the Annual accounts for Companies Act rationales by and large consist of the following elements: But the as long as the conglomerate is a "parent company", in other words, the company that furthermore owns additional companies - auxiliary then "merged accounts" have got to also be primed. Yet again there are certain prevailing exceptions to this prerequisite. The proportional figures ought to also be specified for more or less each and every one of the substance as well as scrutiny specified within a year end of financial statements. There are certain exceptions to this rule which are shown specifically. For illustration, there is no prerequisite to offer proportional figures for the notes detailing the arrangements during the year upon fixed positive characteristic otherwise reserves balances. (Melissa Bushman)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Posing that query of an accountant is similar to enquiring a cultivator what possible need would rainfall fulfill? There is no doubt that accounting element is required in order to assess and support the progressive development of any specific business. And thus it would not be wrong to deem it as the actual supportive wall the actual backbone of the financial accounting structure. The country of Italy has come out after years of research as the foremost recorded resource for accounting entries, in addition to being the initial published accounting toil during 1494 was through a Venetian monk.   So it is not too hard to perceive this conceptual element of accounting as a well thought-out method for

Contemporary issues in management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Contemporary issues in management - Assignment Example Presently, Samsung produces and exports electronics products around one fourth of the total export of South Korea. Samsung had decided to diversify in terms of product diversification as well as market diversification into the foreign market especially into the emerging markets across the world. The main reason behind this is to diversify the risk of single industry. It is noticeable that the company’s current revenue is larger than the many countries’ GDP. So, the parent company has diversified into different industry from electronics and semiconductor production to advertising agency. Business from this wide range of business areas Samsung has able to make a powerful influence on the economic development of South Korea. The companies like Samsung always believe in expansion. Although the Samsung group is recognised for the digital electronics and semiconductor product but it has diversified into wide variety of industry and formed many subsidiaries like Samsung heavy industries, the second largest shipbuilders in the world, Samsung engineering, Samsung life insurance, Samsung Everland a theme park in South Korea, Cheil Worldwide the 19th largest advertising agencies in the world. Internal diversification This blue chip company was founded as â€Å"Samsung Sanghoe† which was a small trading company of food products especially noodles and other grocery products. In terms of business diversification there are two different types of it like the product diversification and the market diversification. The company started the need and opportunity diversification after the war. After the war the economic condition of the country was very weak and many companies could not able to run their small companies. Samsung got the opportunity to buy some of those companies which had future prospect and growth. The company started diversifying into many areas insurance, securities and retail. At that time founder Lee discovered the opportunities in industri alization as there was a higher need of industrialization in the country after the war. He thought that by this step the company might also get major support from the Korean government. For this reason Lee started concentrating on industrialization and focused on economic development strategy with the support of large domestic conglomerates. The strategy behind this diversification to consumer electronics was to become world’s leading brand in consumer electronics programme. The company’s diversification into Samsung Electronics’ was one of the most important diversification strategies of the company. The group become much better in terms of brand recognition and this is the only subsidiary by which the company has become a worldwide popular digital electronics brand. External diversification According to Williams, Samsung set on a path of unrelated external diversification activities where it focused on creating and gaining of companies completely unrelated to each other. This diversification strategy was aimed by the concern through enhancing the portfolio of business and service or product offerings. Samsung is thus found to expand into diversified business areas like production of memory chips, hardware equipments and computer peripherals pertaining to information technology industries,

New Skills for Career fulfillment and Job Satisfaction Essay

New Skills for Career fulfillment and Job Satisfaction - Essay Example The Saudi Export business plays an important part in the economic decisions of many countries with quite a few economies tied directly to it, with many being indirectly affected thereby. The position I am aiming for is influential indeed and it is, therefore, imperative that the candidates for the position have the finest and most up to date education possible. This is exactly what I expect from my proposed program of study at this esteemed educational establishment i.e. I expect that enrolling for, and then obtaining, this degree would enable me to stand next to, if not ahead of, the finest qualified people in this field as this program offers a state of the art syllabus. To ensure getting a glimpse of the bigger picture, I opted for International Business and Information Systems (IBIS) as a major for my undergraduate studies, at the University of Tampa, Florida. This was to study the impact of computer technology and information systems on global business(es). I believe it is time to further supplement my knowledge and skills in the international trade area by enrolling in the M.Sc. Finance program. The combination, I believe, will give me the skills needed to enter the race towards my objectives and put me ahead of the competition in achieving them. I am honoured to be considered for the M.Sc. Finance program and greatly appreciate you going through my application. I shall eagerly look forward to being accepted into the Texas A&M University-Commerce community, and am anticipating a positive response from your end.

AMERICAN HISTORY SINCE 1865 TO 1900 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

AMERICAN HISTORY SINCE 1865 TO 1900 - Essay Example Nikon and Kennedy was elected president. John F. Kennedy and his vice president, Lyndon B. Johnson took the office in 1961. There has always been a power struggle between the left and right wing of politics, the political left stood up for social policies that would help the working class, the business and industry where as the political right is all for the conservative Christian values and support a free market system. The democrats who had won the election in 1960 were the party at the center; they faced a lot of opposition from the republicans including the most significantone that the elections were rigged and Kennedy falsely won the elections. Posner in one of his article mentioned that when the Kennedy votes suddenly rose by 40,000 in Texas the republicans cried that this was election fraud, he also wrote, â€Å"while he was careful not to put a public imprimatur on the concerted Republican effort to challenge the election results, he privately not only authorized it, but act ively encouraged it† (Posner). After the assassination of Kennedy his vice president Lyndon B. Johnson took the oval office by defeating Barry Goldwater; a nominee of the Republican Party in 1964. After the New Deal Coalition collapsed in the mid-sixties, the riots and the Vietnam War and the opposition of the civil rights movement by many southern democrats the republicans found a way to gain power, this shifted the southern power that Democrats had into the laps of the republicans as many African Americans were now supporting the Democratic Party. This power shift was also due to the Johnson’s increasing interest in The Vietnam war, which leaded to conflicts inside the Democratic Party. And in the election of 1968 the Republican Party won; Richard Nixon defeated Huber H. Humphrey and became the president of United States. It was in the final years of the American Civil War, when congress started to debate for the rights of the former freed

Sherlock Holmes Essay Example for Free

Sherlock Holmes Essay How does Arthur Conan Doyle create an atmosphere of mystery and build suspense in The Speckled Band? To what extent are his methods typical of all the other stories in The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes?  The story The speckled band was written by Arthur Conan Doyle in 1982 and is one of the many stories in the large Sherlock Holmes series of stories. As known the stories are based on inquiries and investigations, because of course Sherlock Holmes is an investigator, this in itself gives a sense of excitement to the story because you know that there will e a constant thrill throughout the story, especially seems as it is likely that it will be based on something like a murder, or an affair, etc. As soon as the story starts, Holmes gets straight into the action, as a poor victim comes round to his home and asks him for help. She is portrayed to the reader as being in a very poor and vulnerable position by her face (being) all drawn and grey, with restless, frightened eyes, like those of some hunted animal, she is also shivering from fear and so now the reader knows that there is a vulnerable victim, that something is wrong, and that something unjust will be done against her, and so it builds the excitement and suspense in the readers mind. This same scenario is presented in A case of Identity when Miss Sutherland comes to Sherlock Holmes in a similar vulnerable state, frightened. As usual straight away Holmes picks up on all the little details, such as the mud stains on the victims clothes, and manages to create a clear picture in his mind of the situation. The victim is called Miss Helen Stoner. When she first came into the story she was wearing black, veiled and grey haired. She was shivering and terrified, which creates a scary if not intriguing scene leaving the reader asking why is she in this state?!, the lady also gave a violent start, by saying It is fear Mr Holmes, It is terror.  The story then goes on and Holmes is told about the ladys step father, who instantly Holmes recognizes as the murderer.  We can make out from the story, that her step father Doctor Grimesby Roylott was a violent man who had a bad and short temper, and after his wife dies he shut himself up at home and became very violent, and we are told that he is a man of immense strength, and absolutely uncontrollable in his anger. The suspected murderer is described as being a very strong and powerful person, and extremely dangerous, this adds suspense and excitement to the story because from this description you can instantly tell that something out of the ordinary has got to happen with this man.  The killing motive is also freaky in a way, because what he was trying to kill Miss Helen Stoner for was money. His wife left money for her daughters, but if they die he would receive the money.  Personally I dont feel sympathy for Doctor Roylott because hes sick and twisted, hes also very selfish, but a very dangerous man. The scene of the murder adds a considerable amount of suspense to the story, this is because as it is first described, the building is made out to be a scary if not haunted freaky place.  The house is described as The building was of grey, lichen-blotched stone, with a high central portion and two curving wings, like the claws of a crab, thrown out on each side. In one of these wings the windows were broken and blocked with wooden boards, while the roof was partly caved in basically making it look like a picture of ruin. This creates a spooky and scary atmosphere, which makes the reader feel very cautious because its a typical description of a haunted house where anything could suddenly happen. This atmosphere can be easily related to a typical atmosphere of a murder mystery. To add to the atmosphere or fear and horror, the reader is told about the Doctors hobby of keeping wild dangerous animals, and that there is a Wild baboon and a cheetah in the grounds of the house. In the story Holmes suspects Grimesby Roylott as the murder suspect, and he treats the case as urgent, and helps Helen Stoner straight away. This gives the reader the impression that it is important, and so it adds to the feeling that something big is going to happen, and that the case is dangerous. The addition of creepy objects in the house also helps relate an atmosphere, such as the useless ventilator, and the ropes which hung down to the ladys bed.  Holmes also suspects the animal as a dangerous exotic one, in this case it being a snake, and this is not obvious to the reader, and so they will be kept waiting to see what these strange object, and weird animals are all there for. In the end, the murderer who correctly turns out to be Doctor Roylott, gets killed by his own weapon the deadly snake.  This makes the story come to an exciting end, and it in many ways sums up the complete suspense and mystery that has been throughout the book, and makes it all clear to the reader at the end.  The readers will also think about if they think he deserved to get killed because he is sick and twisted, and because he does not care for any one apart from himself. I like my murder mysteries to have a twist at the end and that good always wins.

Role of Requirements of a Nursing Entrepreneur

Role of Requirements of a Nursing Entrepreneur Nursing Entrepreneur There are numerous careers and opportunities available in the nursing and health care field. The health care industry is expected to have one of the fastest growth rates through the next 10 years. What better time than now to proclaim a self made product or idea, especially when registered nurses have definite advantages over the general public when it comes to starting a business. This growth rate of healthcare jobs is expected to add a projected 4 million new wage and salary jobs, indicating the optimal time for nurse entrepreneurs to seek the opportunity to create and start their own business. Nursing entrepreneurship can vary widely by the type of career one would want to uphold. This can include starting a company or clinic, independent contractor, developing medical devices, computerized systems, a home health business, developing home health products, infection control, case management, telehealth nursing and can even include known careers such as a Legal Nurse Consultant or f amily/nurse practitioner. Nursing entrepreneurship is a complex career choice but can yield beneficial results concerning compensation, settings, demand, and legal implications. Requirements and Compensation The educational requirements for a nursing entrepreneur are similar to the requirements of a registered nurse. This begins with starting education for an ASN, Associate of Science in Nursing, or a BSN, Bachelor of Science in Nursing. To be an entrepreneur, it would be wise to consider taking Business classes, or better yet to consider a double major or even a minor in Business. According to Colorado State University Pueblos requirements for a minor in Business Administration, a total of 21 credit hours are needed to understand the fundamentals of accounting, economics, finance, and to understand the basics of managing a business by marketing a product or service. (CSU-P, 2013). With this, to become any type of registered nurse, one would then need to successfully pass the NCLEX-RN exam to obtain a nursing license. To start off a nursing career, one can work as an RN and begin their profession as a nurse entrepreneur from there. Starting a business requires a few more steps after becoming a nurse. To start a business, one must establish a business entity with the Secretary of States office. This requires filing a document and creating a new record with the Secretary of States office and after, the entrepreneur can register a Trade name or reserve a name. Then, one must obtain a Federal Employer Identification Number (FEIN), with the Internal Revenue Service in the occurrence of a corporation, limited liability company, limited partnership, limited liability partnership or even sole proprietor with employees. Then, filing your business with the State of Colorado online or a CR 0100 form is the next step. This involves applying for sales tax account, wage withholding account, and/or unemployment insurance account at the Department of Revenue, Colorado Business Registration. The final step is business licensing and registration, which is not necessary for every business, but obtaining a Nurse Licensure compact may be wise. License verification can be done through NURSYS verification to verify license and to receive detailed report. The National Nurses in Business Association offers their members a free business plan template that is customized for nurses and offers unlimited help to complete the plan. The typical salary for a nursing entrepreneur can vary greatly based on the type of entrepreneurship one plans on acquiring. Typically this can be in an average range of $129,000 for a registered nurse entrepreneur job in the state of Colorado. (Simply Hired, 2014). It can vary based on the industry, company, location, and experience. Independent nurse contractors set the terms of their services and negotiate their salary for themselves. Job Description and Setting The career path of a Nursing Entrepreneur has countless possibilities. This involves the capability of promoting oneself, being able to start a business while also creating and selling a product and/or providing a service. Nurses can venture off in many different directions concerning what type of business they want to establish. To illustrate how vast the career field is for nursing entrepreneurship, lets begin with a few different career choices and their descriptions. Physicians can establish their own medical office and collaborate with other specialty physicians to provide a wider base of care providing to patient needs. Nurses can open and operate a consultancy company providing a service offering clients information, instruction, advice and even opinions based on their needs and what they seek. A healthcare risk management (HCRM) reduces the risk for financial loss and property loss by identifying a clients risk and reducing and eliminating them. A legal nurse consultant, LNC, can be hired by law firms as an independent consultant as well as an in-house staff, they combine entrepreneurship work with attorney-clients and define applicable standards of care. A legal nurse consultant reviews and interprets medical records as related to a case, research medical issues, medical diagnosis along with terms and procedures of treatments, medical examinations, prepare discovery and disclosure of documents, reviewing a case for merit, and obtaining autho ritative witnesses. These are prime examples of career paths an entrepreneur can follow, although being an entrepreneur is not limited to just these options. The work setting of any entrepreneur can take place at home or where ever the entrepreneur decides to take practice as a self-employed, independent practice including; hospitals, clinics, healthcare facilities, law firms, agencies, insurance companies and establishing business made by the entrepreneur. History and Demand The role of a nurse entrepreneur dates back to 1854 in England by Florence Nightingale who established a worldwide change in health care. She introduced the first secular nursing training. The history continues with Mary Grant Seacole and Clara Barton, who were both considered entrepreneurs of their time. Mary Grant Seacole was rejected by the Nightingale School of Nursing and governing military forces. Without help in the 1850s, she fearlessly began a hotel to house wounded soldiers on both sides of the Crimean war to recover. Clara Barton founded the American National Red Cross in 1881 and also established the Bureau of Records of Missing Army Men at her own expense. The opportunities of an entrepreneur was quickly changing and expanding through time and during the 1970s nurses began to develop businesses and consulting services. (NNBA, 2013). The demand for nurse entrepreneurs is growing, like most health care careers, as more nurses step out and begin their own businesses. Entrep reneurs are self-employed and may employ others to work with and for them, creating more jobs for more individuals. Legal Implications As a nurse entrepreneur, a standard of care needs to be followed along with identifying safety measures and pursuing a standard of policies and procedures. If the career path is in pursuit of developing a product, registering a trade name for the product is well advised. The product also needs to be safe or the entrepreneur can be held liable for use of the product by consumers if the product is deemed unsafe or defective. Warnings about the product also need to be provided. Product liability insurance protects the business from claims of damage caused by a product from the client. A nurse entrepreneur should obtain an errors-and-omission professionally liability insurance. This insurance protects a company and individuals from claims made by clients for inadequate work or negligent actions. Nursing Theory Alberta Benduras self-efficacy theory (SET) best reflects entrepreneurism. Self-efficacy is defined by the belief that one has the power to produce an proficient outcome by completing a given task or an activity related to that competency. An entrepreneur is a person who is set to accomplish a goal to own their own business and self-efficacy relates a persons perception of their own ability to reach a goal. The three factors that influence self-efficacy are environment, behaviors, and personal/cognitive factors. The environment reflects where and what type of business the entrepreneur created and what they present to the client. Behaviors from both the client and entrepreneur affect each other in the terms of effective service. A mastery of this theory is by achievement through perseverance and overcoming of obstacles by observing others succeed through a sustained effort. An entrepreneur succeeds when the business has successful growth while obtaining a clients satisfaction of servi ce. Motivation, performance, and feelings of frustration associated with repeated failures determine affect and behaviour relations (Bandura, 1986). Conclusion Nursing entrepreneurship is a special career designed for those who want to take charge of the service they provide to the public. Entrepreneurship provides the opportunity to be ones own boss while maintaining the freedom of hours and work setting. Bendura provides an excellent theory for entrepreneurs to base their business on and provides the perspective of success by maintaining self-efficacy through environment, behaviors and personal/cognitive factors. Nursing entrepreneurship is the ideal career for those who are business savvy and have a passion for providing a product or service to their expanding customer/client base. A successful nurse entrepreneur demonstrates great leadership and remarkable creativity skills while also remaining fearless enough to take risks and venture their own path. References Banduras Self-efficacy Theory. Nursing Theories. AIPPG, 12 Feb. 2012. Web. 27 Mar. 2014. Brief History of Nurse Entrepreneurs. Nurse Entrepreneurship New Rules. National Nurses in Business Association, 23 Oct. 2012. Web. 25 Mar. 2014. . Business Administration. (n.d.). > Malik Seeme Hasan School of Business > Colorado State University-Pueblo. Retrieved March 26, 2014, from http://hsb.colostate-pueblo.edu/UndergraduatePrograms/Minors Dickinson, J. (2011). The origins and evolution of legal nurse consulting. Journal Of Legal Nurse Consulting, 22(2), 3-7. Robson, B. (2009). From emergency nurse to legal nurse consultant and independent practitioner: legal nurse consulting? What is that?. NENA Outlook, 32(2), 24-26. Simply Salary. Registered Nurse Entrepreneur Salaries in CO. Simply Hired, n.d. Web. 27 Mar. 2014. . Tag Archives: Nurse entrepreneur. Nurse Entrepreneurship New Rules. National Nurses in Business Association, Inc., n.d. Web. 22 Mar. 2014. . What is an LNC? American Association of Legal Nurse Consultants (AALNC). (n.d.). What is an LNC? American Association of Legal Nurse Consultants (AALNC). Retrieved February 9, 2014, from http://www.aalnc.org/?page=whatisanlnc

Direct and iterative method

Direct and iterative method INTRODUCTION TO DIRECT AND ITERATIVE METHOD Many important practical problems give rise to systems of linear equations written as the matrix equation Ax = c, where A is a given n Ãâ€" nnonsingular matrix and c is an n-dimensional vector; the problem is to find an n-dimensional vector x satisfying equation . Such systems of linear equations arise mainly from discrete approximations of partial differential equations. To solve them, two types of methods are normally used: direct methods and iterative methods. Directapproximate the solution after a finite number of floating point operations. Since computer floating point operations can only be obtained to a given precision, the computed solution is usually different from the exact solution. When a square matrix A is large and sparse, solving Ax = c by direct methods can be impractical, and iterative methods become a viable alternative. Iterative methods, based on splitting A into A = M−N, compute successive approximations x(t) to obtain more accurate solutions to a linear system at each iteration step t. This process can be written in the form of the matrix equation x(t) = Gx(t−1) + g, where an n Ãâ€" n matrix G = M−1N is the iteration matrix. The iteration process is stopped when some predefined criterion is satisfied; the obtained vector x(t) is an approximation to the solution. Iterative methods of this form are called linear stationary iterative methods of the first degree. The method is of the first degree because x(t) depends explicitly only on x(t−1) and not on x(t−2), . . . , x(0). The method is linear because neither G nor g depends on x(t−1), and it is stationary because neither G nor g depends on t. In this book, we also consider linear stationary iterative methods of the second degree, represented by the matrix equation x(t) = Mx(t−1) − Nx(t−2) + h. HISTORY OF DIRECT AND ITERATIVE METHOD Ø Direct methods to solve linear systems Direct methods for solving the linear systems with the Gauss elimination method is given byCarl Friedrich Gauss (1777-1855). Thereafter the Choleski gives method for symmetric positive definite matrices. Ø Iterative methods for non-linear equations The Newton_Raphson method is an iterative method to solve nonlinear equations. The method is defined byIsaac Newton (1643-1727)andJoseph Raphson (1648-1715). Ø Iterative methods for linear equations The standard iterative methods, which are used are the Gauss-Jacobi and the Gauss-Seidel method.Carl Friedrich Gauss (1777-1855)is a very famous mathematician working on abstract and applied mathematics.Carl Gustav Jacob Jacobi (1804-1851)is well known for instance for the Jacobian the determinant of the matrix of partial derivatives. He has also done work on iterative methods leading to the Gauss-Jacobi method. Another iterative method is the Chebyshev method. This method is based on orthogonal polynomials bearing the name ofPafnuty Lvovich Chebyshev (1821-1894). The Gauss-Jacobi and Gauss-Seidel method use a very simple polynomial to approximate the solution. In the Chebyshev method an optimal polynomial is used. DIRECT AND ITERATIVE METHOD Direct methods compute the solution to a problem in a finite number of steps. These methods would give the precise answer if they were performed ininfinite precision arithmetic. Examples includeGaussian elimination, theQRfactorization method for solvingsystems of linear equations, and thesimplex methodoflinear programming. In contrast to direct methods,iterative methodsare not expected to terminate in a number of steps. Starting from an initial guess, iterative methods form successive approximations thatconvergeto the exact solution only in the limit. Aconvergence criterionis specified in order to decide when a sufficiently accurate solution has (hopefully) been found. Even using infinite precision arithmetic these methods would not reach the solution within a finite number of steps (in general). Examples includeNewtons method, thebisection method, andJacobi iteration. In computational matrix algebra, iterative methods are generally needed for large problems. Iterative methods are more common than direct methods in numerical analysis. Some methods are direct in principle but are usually used as though they were not, e.g.GMRESand theconjugate gradient method. For these methods the number of steps needed to obtain the exact solution is so large that an approximation is accepted in the same manner as for an iterative method. In the case of asystem of linear equations, the two main classes of iterative methods are thestationary iterative methods, and the more generalKrylov subspacemethods. Ø Stationary iterative methods Stationary iterative methods solve a linear system with anoperatorapproximating the original one; and based on a measurement of the error (the residual), form acorrection equationfor which this process is repeated. While these methods are simple to derive, implement, and analyse, convergence is only guaranteed for a limited class of matrices. Examples of stationary iterative methods are theJacobi method,Gauss–Seidel methodand theSuccessive over-relaxation method. Ø Krylov subspace methods Krylov subspacemethods form anorthogonal basisof the sequence of successive matrix powers times the initial residual (theKrylov sequence). The approximations to the solution are then formed by minimizing the residual over the subspace formed. The prototypical method is theconjugate gradient method(CG). Other methods are the generalized minimal residual method and the biconjugate gradient method EXAMPLE OF DIRECT METHOD GAUSS ELIMINATION METHOD :- Inlinear algebra,Gaussian eliminationmethod is analgorithmfor solvingsystems of linear equations, finding therankof amatrix, and calculating the inverse of aninvertible square matrix. Gaussian elimination is named after German mathematician and scientistCarl Friedrich Gauss. Elementary row operationsare used to reduce a matrix torow echelon form.Gauss–Jordan elimination, an extension of this algorithm, reduces the matrix further toreduced row echelon form. Gaussian elimination alone is sufficient for many applications. EXAMPLE Suppose that our goal is to find and describe the solution(s), if any, of the followingsystem of linear equations: The algorithm is as follows :eliminate x from all equations below L1 and then eliminate y from all equations below L2 .This will form a triangular form.Using the back substitution Each unknown can be solved . In the example, x is eliminated from l2 by adding 3/2L1to L2. X is then eliminatedmfrom L3 by adding L1 to L3 The result is: Nowyis eliminated fromL3by adding− 4L2toL3: The result is: This result is a system of linear equations in triangular form, and so the first part of the algorithm is complete.The second part, back-substitution, consists of solving for the unknowns in reverse order. It can be seen that Then,zcan be substituted intoL2, which can then be solved to obtain Next,zandycan be substituted intoL1, which can be solved to obtain The system is solved. Some systems cannot be reduced to triangular form, yet still have at least one valid solution: for example, ifyhad not occurred inL2andL3after the first step above, the algorithm would be unable to reduce the system to triangular form. However, it would still have reduced the system toechelon form. In this case, the system does not have a unique solution, as it contains at least onefree variable. The solution set can then be expressed parametrically . In practice, one does not usually deal with the systems in terms of equations but instead makes use of theaugmented matrix(which is also suitable for computer manipulations). The Gaussian Elimination algorithm applied to theaugmented matrixof the system above, beginning with:which, at the end of the first part of the algorithm That is, it is inrow echelon form. At the end of the algorithm, if theGauss–Jordan eliminationis applied: That is, it is inreduced row echelon form, or row canonical form. EXAMPLE OF ITERATIVE METHOD OF SOLUTION A. JACOB METHOD :- The Jacobi method is a method of solving amatrix equationon a matrix that has no zeros along its main diagonal (Bronshtein and Semendyayev 1997, p.892). Each diagonal element is solved for, and an approximate value taken in. The process is then iterated until it converges. This algorithm is a stripped-down version of theJacobi transformationmethod ofmatrix diagonalization. The Jacobi method is easily derived by examining each of the equations in thelinear system of equationsAx=b in isolation. If, in theith equation solve for the value ofwhile assuming the other entries ofremain fixed. This gives which is the Jacobi method. In this method, the order in which the equations are examined is irrelevant, since the Jacobi method treats them independently. The definition of the Jacobi method can be expressed withmatricesas B. Stationary Iterative Methods Iterative methods that can be expressed in the simple form Where neighter B nor c depend upon the iterative count k) are called stationary iterative method. The four main stationary iterative method : the Jacobi method, the Gauss Seidel method ,Successive Overrelaxation method and the symmetric Successive Overrelaxation method C. The Gauss-Seidel Method We are considering an iterative solution to the linear system where is ansparse matrix,xandbare vectors of lengthn, and we are solving forx. Iterative solvers are an alternative to direct methods that attempt to calculate an exact solution to the system of equations. Iterative methods attempt to find a solution to the system of linear equations by repeatedly solving the linear system using approximations to the vector. Iterations continue until the solution is within a predetermined acceptable bound on the error. Iterative methods for general matrices include the Gauss-Jacobi and Gauss-Seidel, while conjugate gradient methods exist for positive definite matrices. Use of iterative methods is the convergence of the technique. Gauss-Jacobi uses all values from the previous iteration, while Gauss-Seidel requires that the most recent values be used in calculations. The Gauss-Seidel method has better convergence than the Gauss-Jacobi method, although for dense matrices, the Gauss-Seidel method is sequential. The convergence of the iterative method must be examined for the application along with algorithm performance to ensure that a useful solution to can be found. The Gauss-Seidel method can be written as: where: ¯ is theunknown in during theiteration,and, is the initial guess for theunknown in, is the coefficient ofin therow andcolumn, is thevalue in. or where: ¯ K(k)is theiterative solution to is the initial guess atx Dis the diagonal ofA Lis the of strictly lower triangular portion ofA Uis the of strictly upper triangular portion ofA bis right-hand-side vector. EXAMPLE. 101−x2+ 23= 6, −x1+ 112−x3+ 34= 25, 21−x2+ 103−x4= − 11, 32−x3+ 84= 15. Solving forx1,x2,x3andx4gives: x1=x2/ 10 −x3/ 5 + 3 / 5, x2=x1/ 11 +x3/ 11 − 34/ 11 + 25 / 11, x3= −x1/ 5 +x2/ 10 +x4/ 10 − 11 / 10, x4= − 32/ 8 +x3/ 8 + 15 / 8 Suppose we choose(0,0,0,0)as the initial approximation, then the first approximate solution is given by x1= 3 / 5 = 0.6, x2= (3 / 5) / 11 + 25 / 11 = 3 / 55 + 25 / 11 = 2.3272, x3= − (3 / 5) / 5 + (2.3272) / 10 − 11 / 10 = − 3 / 25 + 0.23272 − 1.1 = − 0.9873, x4= − 3(2.3272) / 8 + ( − 0.9873) / 8 + 15 / 8 = 0.8789. x1 x2 x3 x4 0.6 2.32727 − 0.987273 0.878864 1.03018 2.03694 − 1.01446 0.984341 1.00659 2.00356 − 1.00253 0.998351 1.00086 2.0003 − 1.00031 0.99985 The exact solution of the system is (1,2,-1,1) APPLICATION OF DIRECT AND ITERATIVE METHOD OF SOLUTION FRACTIONAL SPLITING METHOD OF FIRST ORDER FOR LINEAR EQUATION First we describe the simplest operator-splitting, which is calledsequential operator-splitting, for the following linear system of ordinary differential equations:(3.1)where the initial condition is. The operators and are linear and bounded operators in a Banach space The sequential operator-splitting method is introduced as a method that solves two subproblems sequentially, where the different subproblems are connected via the initial conditions. This means that we replace the original problem with the subproblemswhere the splitting time-step is defined as. The approximated solution is. The replacement of the original problem with the subproblems usually results in an error, calledsplitting error. The splitting error of the sequential operator-splitting method can be derived as whereis the commutator ofAandB The splitting error iswhen the operatorsA andB do not commute, otherwise the method is exact. Hence the sequential operator-splitting is called thefirst-order splitting method. THE ITERATIVE SPLITING The following algorithm is based on the iteration with fixed splitting discretization step-size. On the time intervalwe solve the following subproblems consecutively for:(4.1)where is the known split approximation at the time level. We can generalize the iterative splitting method to a multi-iterative splitting method by introducing new splitting operators, for example, spatial operators. Then we obtain multi-indices to control the splitting process; each iterative splitting method can be solved independently, while connecting with further steps to the multi-splitting method

Mountains Beyond Mountains by Tracy Kidder Essay -- Mountains Beyond M

There are people existing among us with a special trait or characteristic that makes them stand out above the masses. They are â€Å"heroes† in a sense, who perform great acts of sacrifice and promote hope when it seems that the last drop of faith has evaporated from one’s soul. These individuals remind us of saints who walked before us, healing and caring for the sick and destitute when no other man dared. Author, Tracy Kidder (2004), brings to the forefront the noble deeds of a modern day saint, Paul Farmer, through his writing in Mountains Beyond Mountains. He illustrates how a single man can lead nations toward healing, even in the midst of war, turmoil, limited resources, or â€Å"mountains† of bureaucratic red tape. Although the book tells a story about Farmer’s life, academic achievements, and global contributions toward curing infectious diseases, the main theme, as illustrated by the book title, is that no matter what a person does, there is always more to be done. Beyond the hills and valleys of Farmer’s journey, Kidder (2004) provides scenes of leadership styles along the way. Is a leader born or is leadership learned? A review of Paul Farmer’s mission, through the eyes of the author, may provide insight to support both philosophies. Kidder is an accomplished writer. Having been educated at Harvard and University of Iowa, and having served as a lieutenant in Vietnam (Twenty12fttrees, 2010), he brings research and experience together creating a soul-searching composition in Mountains Beyond Mountains. He is well versed and extremely credible having dedicated so much time immersing himself in the midst of Farmer’s journey. Not only does he take time to review and research Farmer’s published work, he travels across tim... ...ity through medicine, but Kidder (2004) allows the reader to see that Farmer may be curing humanity on many levels by creating an environment in impoverished locations where malnourishment and disease need not exist; where life doesn’t have to end early; where safety and basic needs are met, and where individuals are given a more conducive environment from which leaders can emerge. Works Cited Kidder, T. (2004). Mountains Beyond Mountains. New York, NY: Random House Publishing Group. Popple, P. R, & L. Leighninger. (2011). Social Work, Social Welfare, and American Society. Boston, MA: Pearson Education, Inc. Stohr, M. K, & P. Collins. (2009). Criminal Justice Management. Oxford, NY: Oxford University Press, Inc. Twenty12fttrees (2010). About Tracy Kidder. Tracykidder.com. Retrieved Oct. 23, 2011, from http://www.tracykidder.com/about.php

Lizabeths Experiences in Marigolds by Eugenia Collier Essay -- essays

'Marigolds' is a story written by the author Eugenia Collier. It is considered a 'coming of age story.' A coming of age story is a story where the protagonist becomes an adult through experiences, knowledge, or an adventure. Throughout the story the main character, Lizabeth, goes through experiences that upset her. These experiences teach her to have compassion and not to be afraid of hope and beauty. 'For all the smoldering emotions of that summer swelled up in me and burst-the great need for my mother who was never there, the hopelessness of our poverty and degradation, the bewilderment of being neither child nor woman and both at once, the fear unleashed by my father's tears.' This quote from the story explains what was troubling Lizabeth. As a child her mother wasn't around often...

Malorie Blackman- Noughts and Crosses Personal Response

Noughts and Crosses- Malorie Blackman The book Noughts and Crosses is a sitting on the fence sort of book for me. The writing of it hooked you in and made you think but I absolutely hated what happened in the end. The plot was good but as I said I didn’t like some things that occurred during the novel, like the fact Callum dying made me want to scream and rip my hair out (I did restrain myself by the way). But the fact that I did want to do that was because you grew attached to the characters, as if they were real people. Even if they’re not, they could be in the future, you never know†¦ ) I hated/ loved that about the book. My favourite characters would have to be the guys of Callum’s family, especially Callum. Partly because of his complete ‘it is how it is’ attitude and his loyalty. Even though most people probably hated Jude, I quite liked him. He had a tough attitude, but really he was quite vulnerable, especially at the end when he’ s pretty much lost all his family because of the Crosses.I also held quite a fair bit of respect (for a book character anyway) for Ryan, Callum’s dad. His courage for taking the consequences of Jude’s slight slip up, originally resulting in him going to the gallows to hang. Even though he ended up not hanging he walked up to the gallows expecting death. And not backing down from it; accepting death so his family could live. I didn’t like Sephy particularly; in fact I hated her to be honest.I didn’t like the choices that she made; choosing the baby over Callum. I most certainly disliked her parents, most of all her father. But I started to tolerate her mother near the end when you find out she paid for the lawyer to help Ryan. My favourite scene would have to be†¦. I actually don’t have a favourite scene, lol†¦ The setting of the book was based sometime in the future; it hasn’t happened and is a possibility, who knows, it could happ en (shudder). I think the book was targeted at teens.I also think that Malorie Blackman swapped the places of the people in charge so people would feel or imagine what it would be like if we were in their place, seeing as one of the main themes was racism. A few other themes were sacrifice, love and friendship and another main one,-death. Sacrifice and death made a big part of this book, constantly having to choose between love, family, religion and your race. It was a massive balancing act for the two main characters, Sephy andCallum, who you got to study in depth of how they thought and what choices they always had to make as they were constantly switching between characters’ point of views; that’s how the book was written, in points of view. I think this book inspires a whole pile of ‘what if? ’ questions; it’s not too hard to imagine how much our lives would be different, and not by a little. I think she’s really trying to make us look de eper into the racism that surrounds this book. Even though it is made up, the more you think about it, the possibility of it happening is actually quite possible, scarily enough. Arianna Hogan

Genre Theory Essay

Genres what argon they, and why argon they so important in the convey industry? Genres a variant of note or category some intimacy peck usher out base what place expectations or gain a general sen convictionnt of what the dissipate is about, and leave alone be like. good-tempered most literary musical styles will likely dupe a sub genre harmonize to Goodyknootz, B. , & Jacobs, C. P. (2014) Film From watching to perceive (2nd ed. ) CH4. umpteen genres also have a variety of related Subgenres with more narrowly specify formulas and expectations. Having these smaller classifications coiffure giving a mix of category, and expectations allows for a lot more unique variety. Some ingests can practically mix 4 genres into a superstar pip allowing the creator the free function of his imagination, however even these films ultimately will fall into a major genre category.Unfortunately genres can also pull in some people to lots approximate a film based on its genre, if theyve suck upn a certain film that was a western for instance that they did non particularity enjoy they will discover all films under this genre are not worth their time. As verbalize in Goodyknootz, B. , & Jacobs, C. P. (2014) Film From watching to see (2nd ed. ) CH4.It is not a preordained measure of quality, in spite of the way some film theorists and critics dexterity dismiss a genre celluloid formulaic for serious dramatic psychoanalysis despite this genres are very important, they label the films making it easier for waders to find the smorgasbord of movie they are lacking the see at any giving time. These labels support people make decisions when picking a film to watch, either causing them to want or not want to view certain films based on its genre characterizations.When looking at specific genres they a good deal have their reoccurring characteristics that immediately allow that film to fall into a specific genre, for exemplar Westerns According to Goodyk nootz, B. , & Jacobs, C. P.(2014) Film From watching to seeing (2nd ed. ) CH4. At its GENRE THEORY 3 simplest, a Western is a humankind and his horse, taking on the struggles of nature and his fellow traveller man. Most Westerns are set in a mainframe of 1800s-1900s giving them the paradoxical untamed American frontier feel, and the main characters are often out honors or underdogs, taking out the wild west. The most recent Western film I per boyally have seen was 310 to Yuma, this movie was about a small rancher and, civilized War experienced Dan Evans who was wounded losing his leg, now later on the wars abolish is struggling to support his wife and children.When a wanted camp leader Ben wade is captured in his area after robbing a stagecoach, he volunteers to escort the prisoner to the look into station to make the 310 to Yuma for $200. As Dan Evans and the law men take aim to the hold station his group is move by the Outlaw Ben Wades combination of spartan outlaws. Being set shortly after the civil war 310 to Yuma this puts the reputation in a time frame where most of the west was still very unsettled, and untamed. This film also has many a(prenominal) 1800s style fire fights involving revolvers and wholeness shot rifles, pitting the gunslinger gang of murderous outlawsagainst the lawmen who fight to maintain gear up on the frontier, and Dan Wade who fights for his family.310 to Yuma is not only a Western film but the main elements that do this film so good, and the reason I personally enjoyed it was to Drama driven story of how the Outlaw Ben Wade slowly becomes friends with Civil War vet Dan Evans. As the film progresses Ben starts to derive, and sympathize with Dan Evans situation of he baffled his leg and how he feels useless in supporting his family as a cripple. shape up the end of the film Ben Wade begins to aid DanEvans with getting him to the coach so Dan Evans can collect the $200 bounty promised by the GENRE THEORY 4 law men.When Dan Evans finally get Ben Wade to the train his is fatally shot by the pro-suing gang but not before his son sees him getting Ben to the train allowing him to die a hero to his son. In the end to me genres and basic storyline are a very necessary thing for movies it allows you to have a basic understand of what youre about to watch without razing the plot before you have to happening to dive into the story, and get the enjoyment of a fresh story for yourself.

Maxine Tynes’ poem “Reach out and Touch” Essay

With Maxine Tynes metrical composition Reach by and Touch, the title suggests that the poem literally is ab extinct a person compass out and touching objects or pile. Tynes suggests that the more mature times should reach out and help some another(prenominal)s more often, and by chance touching someones heart should be all worth it.The first 6 roots of Tynes poem, retraces how the specialness of a minor. Line number 6 to dupe if it comes finish proves that the kidskins intentions were purely curiosity. The recitation of electric in line 3 was a very descriptive and vivid forge to describe the poets bouncing curls. The author used these unique(predicate) worlds and quotes to tell us that we should learn the innocents of a squirt and reach out to learn well-nigh the people around you. Without the stretchability out and touching(2 & 3) part, the tyke wouldnt have known that the persons curly hair was electrifying (great curls).From lines 7 to 11, the fetch, alarm of bothering the person sitting in front of them, slapped the childs hands away. With line 9 hush-up of your questions the poet is toilsome to make an analogy, as if slapping hands away (8) is what adults usually do. They dont want their children to meddle into other peoples business, and in order to do that, we must not reach out to others. What if reaching out in turn could cause the children irritation, is usually what the pargonnts are thinking about. But children are too nave to think that way. In line 11 why it doesnt come off proves this innocence.The remaining lines of the poem started out with poets side shifting towards sympathetic/empathetic, when they were playful and unaware of the characters to pop with. The shift starts on line 13 with the word but.. which indicated the child was upset from not subject to bring round their curiosity or the poet was trying to suggest was that the child was upset from not letting their caring constitution portray through. ..in t he fear that mother love wraps you in is when the poet uses personification to show us that though mother love helps us grow, reaching out amongst friends is in addition a good thing.The title Reach out and Touch has a meaning beyond the literal. It is about reaching out to those of need and touch their hearts. With much(prenominal) a shortpoem, Maxine Tynes was able to effectively expound the importance of reaching out and touching lives of other people. Whether it is a lovable hug or skilful a word of friendly advice, this type of reaching out could be the key to a discontinue world. The message the poet was trying to portray was to tell readers that socialise with an open-heart, and you will be amazed how someones actions can touch your heart. By using keen words of play, for example words like magic, warm, and okay, Maxine Tynes was able to portray just that.

Crime and punishment morally ambigous character Essay

some(prenominal)(prenominal) virtuously indefinite subjects runa port opposite springy firearmings in criminal offense and punishment by Fyodor Dostoevsky. In detail, around eccentric persons illustrated in this move saucy force issue be evaluated as posse hell on earthg fair and aversion qualities. Sonia Marmeladov is especi anyy indeterminate and weighty in this novel. Her contradicting accessible and smart- vivacious statuses on with her secernate sections as a wide-cut liberator and infernaldoer every last(predicate)owed Sonia to renovate a polar part end-to-end the novel. non unless that unless her sheath farther strengthens the chemical group of unearthly awakening.At multiplication Sonias computer address be precipitates superstarrous to dry land as devout or despicable because of her actions. The start-off descriptions the contri providedor gets of Sonia be from her rum bring, Marmeladov. She has stretch forthd her life- time with brusque money, pathetic trapping conidtions expound as having every target of povery (294). Sonia tries to maintain an unsophisticated living by wanton linen paper shirts exclusively do you regard that a honourable lilliputian little young lady screwing wee-wee more(prenominal) than by unexpressed crop? non fifteen farthings a daylight muckle she contri onlye up(15). non nevertheless comely to keep a family along with her wino fathers habits. So Sonia in conclusion becomes a prositute in crop to to documentation her family and gains a colour tatter (16) This is what gained Sonia her hu human being activity as a sinner and which puts her eccentric person at question. However, Marmeladov explains to Raskolnikov how Sonia goes to them more often than not afterwards dark, she protect Katerina Ivanorna and gives her all she kindle( 16). This firearm of Sonias roughage depicts her as a attractive missy unstrained to throw herself t o save her family.This depicting in rough ship canal resembles christ as He himself eager our sins in his body on the cross, so that we great power sink to sins and live for covereousness. He sarcrificed himself as she sacrifies herself. Does that convert the fact that she is committing a sin? No of class not and that is precisely where the competitiveness of her righteousness takes place. The knowledge domain sees her in much(prenominal) an dress(163)which puts her to humiliate in her guady finery (163) hitherto the indorser sees a young, indistinct girl who was pushed to take drastic decisions in her life.It is Sonias actions which be evil but her occasion and splendid understanding make her more consecrated than close to of the guinea pigs in the novel. Because her section plays this role, it is her who dishs Raskolnikov pass his spiritual combine and who asks him to at long subsist come clean afterward on in the guard. nigh other shape w here Sonya is virtuously double is where she has to answer to each hold nates a kin with Raskolnikov, or pull up stakes him out of the motion picture when he extraises her that it is he who hit the pawnbroker.Sonya knows that it is right to succor Raskolnikov because he could be upset and go nevertheless deeper into his fury. However, Sonya knows that Raskolnikov is a killer and it would be maltreat to be associated with sensefulness who knowingly commits sins as debauched as murder. Sonya is excessively conscious(predicate) that Raskolnikov has issues and his madness could compel him to do other things that could lead to as save worse consequences. Sonia does insure Raskolnikov that he mustiness bring out himself in and fink his sins but she excessively hugs him and kisses him as to comfort him.Her spotty chemical reaction is to tell Raskolnikov I ordain conform to you, I will keep abreast you all over Ill copy you to Siberia (407). As she tri es to take a chance a validated salve as to wherefore he killed those women, she finds that in that respect was no good intentions in his mind, yet she relieve sticks by Raskolnikovs side. This reaction leaves the contributor enquire whether Sonia is doing this to help a helpless soul and play her role as a set a reference liberator or does her bask stratagem her and is she only when not lovingness that what Raskolnikov move was murder.However, unconstipated though the last piece of music of the throw depicts Sonia as an attendant to a incorruptly upon crime, the epilogue illustrates her as a saintly liberator. In Siberia, the bod which she carried back in part one and part deuce of the book argon unornamented and she is love by the prisoners in the camp. They even called her little fetch Sofya Semyonovna(538), and although it is understandably declared that Sonia herself did zip special to be liked, their option for her depicts that they perceived her vir tuous goodness. Without place statement, Sonia herself was the reason why Raskolnikov snarl in some way his unearthly reawakening. by dint of her coercive love, she and her role do this humbug of a in small stages reclamation of a man (542) happen. Dostoevsky estimation of holiness was carried on and create by Sonias character through her moral ambiguity. though her character appears to be unchaste in several cases, in the epilogue the reader sees how it all comes together and how Doestoevsky uses Sonya illustrates distinguished tender and political issues that were of business to him, such as the treatment of women, the make of poverty, the brilliance of religious faith, and the vastness of awe to family.